Watershed management is a multidisciplinary academic concept and methodological approach focused on the integrated planning, management, and sustainable use of natural resources within a defined hydrological unit, the watershed. It investigates the complex interactions between land, water, ecosystems, and human activities, considering hydrological processes, ecological dynamics, and socio-economic factors across the drainage basin to protect environmental health and mitigate risks such as erosion, flooding, and water quality degradation.